Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection or ICSI procedure is a type of Assisted Reproductive Technology that is used to help couples who are unable to conceive due to severe male factor infertility.
In this procedure, a washed and prepared sperm is directly injected into the ovum (or egg) which assists in fertilization. This procedure is done as a part of an IVF technique.
ICSI IVF procedures are recommended for couples who are facing certain specific male factor infertility problems. It is usually advised to individuals having :
The female partner is given medication to stimulate the development of follicles in the ovary on Day 2 of her menstruation. The stimulation is done till day 6 or as is deemed appropriate by the specialist.
Sperm are extracted from the male partner and are then washed and concentrated. Healthy sperm are then collected for further examination.
Medication and final stimulation lead to the release of the mature egg. The egg is collected in the clinic and is done by ultrasound guidance under sedation. The retrieved egg is then sent for processing in the ART laboratory.
The retrieved egg and sperm are sent to the specialized labs for examination by fertility experts. Prior examination of the health of egg and sperm helps in a smooth and successful ICSI treatment.
The healthy sperm is then directly transferred into the cytoplasm of the egg to enhance the chances of fertilization.
After confirmation of successful fertilization, the fertilized eggs are then transferred into the uterus to allow implantation to occur.
IVF or ICSI procedures in some cases may lead to twin pregnancies. However, the advancement in technology has led to the introduction of the transfer of a single embryo to prevent the occurrence of multiple or twin pregnancies.